# Assistant conversation KLE58L

- Canonical URL: <https://m.sheaf.less.rest/KLE58L>
- Resource IRI: <https://m.sheaf.less.rest/KLE58L>
- Type: assistant conversation
- Mode: chat

## Transcript

### 1. User

Import the attached PDF documents.

[Uploaded PDFs]
- bernardy-pearl.pdf: Sheaf file #DATQTA

### 2. Assistant tool calls

#### Tool call: `document_import`

```json
{
  "action": "stage",
  "file_ids": [
    "DATQTA"
  ],
  "name": "Import bernardy-pearl.pdf"
}
```

### 3. Tool result: document_import

{
  "status": {
    "files": [
      {
        "error": null,
        "status": "pending",
        "file_id": "DATQTA",
        "execution_id": null
      }
    ],
    "counts": {
      "pending": 1
    }
  },
  "sources": [],
  "action": "stage",
  "run_id": "8HZAP9",
  "file_ids": [
    "DATQTA"
  ],
  "run_iri": "https://m.sheaf.less.rest/8HZAP9"
}

### 4. Assistant tool calls

#### Tool call: `document_import`

```json
{
  "action": "extract",
  "run_id": "NELXDA"
}
```

### 5. Assistant tool calls

#### Tool call: `document_import`

```json
{
  "action": "extract",
  "run_id": "8HZAP9"
}
```

### 6. Tool result: list_documents

FOLDERS
- Accounting Algebra & Property Theory
- Assembly & Mechanism Ontology
- Discrete & Finite Element Exterior Calculus
- Graph-Theoretic & Compositional Systems Theory
- Living Structure, Wholeness & Beauty
- Living Structure, Wholeness &amp; Beauty
- ontology
- Procedural Generation & Co-Creation
- Roads, Trails & Movement
- Scenario-Based & Behavioral Programming
- Technology, Scale & Conviviality
- Terrain Modeling
- Terrain, Hydrology & Erosion
- Water Simulation & Rendering

Accounting Algebra & Property Theory (4)
- #GANFP9 A Fundamental Duality in the Mathematical and Natural Sciences: From Logic to Biology - 2024 | David Ellerman | 53 pp.
  Micro abstract: Traces an overlooked subset–partition duality—from logic and category theory through entropy and quantum indefiniteness to selectionist and generative mechanisms in biology.
- #NBH3BE Algebraic Models for Accounting Systems - 2010 | Derek J. S. Robinson, José García Pérez, Robert A. Nehmer, Salvador Cruz Rambaud | World Scientific | 255 pp.
  Micro abstract: Develops accounting theory algebraically: balance vectors as modules, transactions as a group, and whole accounting systems as automata with quotients, homomorphisms, and decision algorithms for audit and control.
- #7ESDBJ Economics, Accounting, and Property Theory - 1982 | David P. Ellerman | Lexington Books | 110 pp.
  Micro abstract: Ellerman's vector-accounting monograph: double entry generalized to property vectors ("accounting without valuation"), grounding a property-theoretic account of appropriation, the firm, and goodwill.
- #C8FHDZ On implication and negation in partition logic - 2025 |  , David Ellerman | Open Journal of Mathematical Sciences | 9 pp. | doi:10.30538/oms2025.0250
  Micro abstract: Develops implication as a refinement-sensitive operation on set partitions, showing how relative negation yields local Boolean cores within the non-distributive algebra of partitions.

Assembly & Mechanism Ontology (4)
- #6PYNP3 Object-Oriented Representation of Electro-Mechanical Assemblies Using UML - 2003 | Fujun Wang, Kevin W. Lyons, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Ram D. Sriram, Shaw C. Feng, Sudarsan Rachuri, Utpal Roy, Young-Hyun Han | NISTIR 7057 | 97 pp.
  Micro abstract: NIST report proposing the Open Assembly Model, a UML-based object-oriented representation for electro-mechanical assembly information exchange.
- #KSLF8E Ontology and Assembly Joint Topology Representation - 2008 | Kyoung-Yun Kim | Computer-Aided Design and Applications | 9 pp. | doi:10.3722/cadaps.2008.630-638
  Micro abstract: Uses mereotopology and SWRL rules to represent assembly joints as ontological relations, illustrated on a fixture assembly case study.
- #NHJEJG Representing Geometric Structures in d Dimensions: Topology and Order - 1993 | Erik Brisson | Proceedings of the fifth annual symposium on Computational geometry | 10 pp.
  Micro abstract: Formalizes geometric structures in d dimensions via combinatorial topology and order relations, a foundation for cell-complex representations used in assembly/geometric modeling.
- #KT87MS Towards an Ontology for Generative Design of Mechanical Assemblies - 2019 | Bahar Aameri, Hyunmin Cheong, J. Christopher Beck | Applied Ontology | 24 pp.
  Micro abstract: Proposes a formal ontology of mechanical assembly structure intended to support generative design systems.

Discrete & Finite Element Exterior Calculus (2)
- #AX2VJD Discrete Exterior Calculus - 2005 | Anil N. Hirani, Jerrold E. Marsden, Mathieu Desbrun, Melvin Leok | arXiv:math/0508341 | 53 pp.
  Micro abstract: Introduces discrete exterior calculus, a coordinate-free discretization of differential forms on simplicial complexes for computational modeling.
- #LTESUF Finite Element Exterior Calculus: From Hodge Theory to Numerical Stability - 2010 | Douglas N. Arnold, Ragnar Winther, Richard S. Falk | arXiv:0906.4325 / Bulletin of the AMS | 74 pp.
  Micro abstract: Surveys finite element exterior calculus, unifying Hodge theory and mixed finite element stability analysis for PDE discretization.

Graph-Theoretic & Compositional Systems Theory (4)
- #TA7A6Y Algebras of Open Dynamical Systems on the Operad of Wiring Diagrams - 2015 | David I. Spivak, Dmitry Vagner, Eugene Lerman | arXiv:1408.1598 | 26 pp.
  Micro abstract: Develops an operad-algebra formalism for open dynamical systems composed via wiring diagrams, underpinning compositional systems theory.
- #PB725Y Graph theoretic foundations of multibody dynamics - 2011 | Abhinandan Jain | Multibody System Dynamics | 35 pp. | doi:10.1007/s11044-011-9267-6
  Micro abstract: Second of a two-part paper deriving O(N) recursive algorithms (Newton-Euler, Lyapunov/Riccati factorizations) for multibody dynamics from the graph-theoretic spatial kernel/operator (SKO/SPO) models built in Part I.
- #RT6CVD Port-Hamiltonian Systems on Graphs - 2013 | A. J. van der Schaft, B. M. Maschke | SIAM Journal on Control and Optimization | 32 pp. | doi:10.1137/110840091
  Micro abstract: Builds port-Hamiltonian systems on open directed graphs via Dirac structures, unifying mass-spring-damper networks, spatial mechanisms, hydraulic networks, and consensus dynamics under one compositional geometric framework.
- #A6DBK8 Seven Sketches in Compositionality: An Invitation to Applied Category Theory - 2018 | Brendan Fong, David I. Spivak | 353 pp.
  Micro abstract: A textbook introducing applied category theory (orders, monoidal categories, operads, sheaves, etc.) through seven worked "sketches" connecting math to systems modeling.

Living Structure, Wholeness & Beauty (9)
- #MH5J8D Beautimeter: Harnessing GPT for Assessing Architectural and Urban Beauty Based on the 15 Properties of Living Structure - 2025 | Bin Jiang | AI | 12 pp. | doi:10.3390/ai6040074
  Micro abstract: Presents Beautimeter, a GPT-based tool that scores buildings and urban scenes against Christopher Alexander’s 15 properties of living structure to assess their coherence and beauty.
- #XW22YY Generative Codes: The Path to Building Welcoming, Beautiful, Sustainable Neighborhoods - 2005 | Brian Hanson, Christopher Alexander, Maggie Moore Alexander, Michael Mehaffy, Randall Schmidt | Center for Environmental Structure | 21 pp.
  Micro abstract: Argues that living neighborhoods arise from generative codes: ordered, participatory steps that let buildings and public spaces unfold from local people, land, and context.
- #SKRF4C Geography as a Science of the Earth’s Surface Founded on the Third View of Space - 2022 | Bin Jiang | Annals of GIS | 14 pp. | doi:10.1080/19475683.2021.1966502
  Micro abstract: Recasts geography around an organismic view of space, using scaling and spatial dependence to understand—and deliberately create—places with greater living structure.
- #PXG56P Harmony-Seeking Computations: A Science of Non-Classical Dynamics Based on the Progressive Evolution of the Larger Whole - 2009 | Christopher Alexander | Unpublished manuscript | 66 pp.
  Micro abstract: Proposes harmony-seeking computation as a creative process that repeatedly strengthens latent centers in a configuration while preserving and deepening the larger whole.
- #MJKTBB Living Images: A Recursive Approach to Computing the Structural Beauty of Images or the Livingness of Space - 2023 | Bin Jiang, Chris de Rijke | Annals of the American Association of Geographers | 19 pp. | doi:10.1080/24694452.2023.2178376
  Micro abstract: Measures an image’s structural beauty by recursively extracting its nested substructures, revealing a compact hierarchy that also captures visual saliency.
- #3XSLTA Structural Beauty: A Structure-Based Computational Approach to Quantifying the Beauty of an Image - 2021 | Bin Jiang, Chris de Rijke | Journal of Imaging | 15 pp. | doi:10.3390/jimaging7050078
  Micro abstract: Proposes a quantitative measure of structural beauty based on how many substructures an image contains and how strongly they form a hierarchy across scales.
- #ZU8GZV Structure-Preserving Transformations - 2002 | Christopher Alexander | The Nature of Order, Book Two: The Process of Creating Life | 4 pp. | doi:10.2307/j.ctv27ftw6c.5
  Micro abstract: Explains structure-preserving transformations: incremental changes that extend the centers and relationships already present in a place rather than weakening its wholeness.
- #AULNWD The Nature of Poetic Order - 1998 | Richard P. Gabriel | Warren Wilson Alumni Conference, Mount Holyoke | 99 pp.
  Micro abstract: Gabriel's slide essay relating poetry's formal order to Christopher Alexander's ideas of generative structure, exploring how constraint and pattern produce living order in creative work.
- #BYG3BQ Wholeness as a Hierarchical Graph to Capture the Nature of Space - 2015 | Bin Jiang | International Journal of Geographical Information Science | 14 pp. | doi:10.1080/13658816.2015.1038542
  Micro abstract: Models spatial wholeness as a hierarchical graph of mutually reinforcing centers, using PageRank and scaling depth to quantify the life of parts and wholes.

ontology (36)
- #LRK6E2 A Taxonomy of Granular Partitions - 2001 | Barry Smith, Thomas Bittner | Spatial Information Theory: Foundations of Geographic Information Science | 16 pp. | doi:10.1007/3-540-45424-1_3
  Micro abstract: Formalizes partitions as tree-structured cognitive devices projected onto reality, then classifies how accurately, structurally, and completely their cells recognize objects, with applications to cadastral and geographic data.
- #FQCWKV A Theory of Granular Partitions - 2003 | Barry Smith, Thomas Bittner | Foundations of Geographic Information Science | 33 pp.
  Micro abstract: Formalizes granular partitions as hierarchical cell systems projected onto reality, combining cognitive selectivity with mereological structure for naming, classifying, mapping, and representation.
- #SF7KYZ About the Unreal - 2025 | Barry Smith, Jim Logan, John Beverley | Proceedings of the Joint Ontology Workshops (JOWO), Episode XI | 14 pp.
  Micro abstract: Models fiction, blueprints, simulations, and other information about unreal entities through logical combinations of actual classes, avoiding commitments to nonexistent dummy instances.
- #CGE2NC Against Fantology - 2005 | Barry Smith | Experience and Analysis | 22 pp.
  Micro abstract: Critiques the idea that first-order logic reveals reality’s ontology, tracing its atomism, timelessness, Booleanism, and reductionism before proposing a six-category ontology and an enhanced Davidsonian formal language.
- #JZG4PM Against Fantology Again - 2016 | Ingvar Johansson | The Theory and Practice of Ontology | 12 pp.
  Micro abstract: Extends the critique of fantology through default ontologization, arguing that Quine’s canonical notation is incoherent about classes and excludes intentional phenomena and distinct modes of existence.
- #E5CLFY Agglomerations - 1999 | Barry Smith | Spatial Information Theory: Cognitive and Computational Foundations of Geographic Information Science | 16 pp. | doi:10.1007/3-540-48384-5_18
  Micro abstract: Defines agglomerations as geographically dispersed yet unified aggregates—populations, cultures, organizations, and diasporas—and develops a realist mereotopology for their boundaries, identity, and change.
- #3CCZ4A Bodily Systems and the Spatial-Functional Structure of the Human Body - 2004 | Barry Smith, Igor Papakin, Katherine Munn | Ontologies in Medicine | 26 pp. | doi:10.3233/978-1-60750-945-5-39
  Micro abstract: Integrates anatomy and physiology by modeling the body as a nested spatial-functional hierarchy whose parts are demarcated as system elements through the functions they bear and realize.
- #7YZU95 Boundaries: An Essay in Mereotopology - 1997 | Barry Smith | The Philosophy of Roderick Chisholm | 32 pp.
  Micro abstract: Reconstructs and extends the Brentano–Chisholm mereotopology in which dependent, coincident boundaries account for contact and the continuum across points, lines, surfaces, and bodies.
- #3TZK66 Capabilities: An Ontology - 2024 | Barry Smith, David Limbaugh, Eric Merrell, John Beverley, Peter M. Koch | Proceedings of the Joint Ontology Workshops (JOWO), Episode X | 14 pp.
  Micro abstract: Defines a capability as a disposition in whose realization an organism or group has or had an interest, placing capabilities between dispositions and functions in Basic Formal Ontology.
- #XYERFR Carving Up Reality - 2004 | Barry Smith | Categories: Historical and Systematic Essays | 14 pp.
  Micro abstract: Explains how context-sensitive, coarse-grained partitions guide reference and perception while preserving transitive parthood and distinguishing fiat demarcations from boundaries grounded in reality.
- #88BVY3 Categories in Top-Level Ontologies: Revisiting the Aristotelian Background - Barry Smith, Ludger Jansen | 31 pp.
  Micro abstract: Reconstructs Aristotle’s categories as the philosophical basis of BFO, extending the ontological square with processes into a six-category framework for continuants, occurrents, dependence, and multiple scientific granularities.
- #9G4F42 CLASSIFYING PROCESSES: AN ESSAY IN APPLIED ONTOLOGY - 2012 | Barry Smith | Ratio | 21 pp. | doi:10.1111/j.1467-9329.2012.00557.x
  Micro abstract: Extends Basic Formal Ontology to scientific process data through process profiles—quality, rate, and cyclical aspects that ground measurements, time-series graphs, and representations of dynamic systems.
- #GSLMP8 Diagrams, Documents, and the Meshing of Plans - 2013 | Barry Smith | Visual Learning, vol. 3: How to Do Things with Pictures: Skill, Practice, Performance | 14 pp.
  Micro abstract: Shows how diagrams and evolving networks of documents mesh plans, obligations, and specialized labor to enable coordinated collective action beyond the limits of linear text.
- #M8BQ3S Do Mountains Exist? Towards an Ontology of Landforms - 2003 | Barry Smith, David M. Mark | Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design | 22 pp.
  Micro abstract: Argues that mountains are object-like in everyday thought but elevation fields in environmental science, motivating a geospatial ontology that supports both perspectives.
- #KSESR8 Drawing Boundaries - 2019 | Barry Smith | The Philosophy of GIS | 26 pp. | doi:10.1007/978-3-030-16829-2_7
  Micro abstract: Updates the distinction between human-demarcated fiat boundaries and physically grounded bona fide boundaries, tracing its uses in geography, property, ecology, and Basic Formal Ontology.
- #56MWAA Environmental Metaphysics - 2001 | Achille C. Varzi, Barry Smith | Metaphysics in the Post-Metaphysical Age: Proceedings of the 22nd International Wittgenstein Symposium | 12 pp.
  Micro abstract: Develops an ontology of token niches as tenant–medium–retainer structures, using physical and fiat boundaries to explain environmental fit, protection, movement, and niche construction.
- #K6JC2J Layers: A New Approach to Locating Objects in Space - 2003 | Barry Smith, Maureen Donnelly | Spatial Information Theory: Foundations of Geographic Information Science | 16 pp. | doi:10.1007/978-3-540-39923-0_4
  Micro abstract: Extends mereotopology with layers that distinguish material objects, holes, and processes from the spatial and spatiotemporal regions they occupy, supporting dynamic geospatial reasoning beyond static map overlays.
- #KG5TBB Making space: the natural, cultural, cognitive and social niches of human activity - 2021 | Barry Smith | Cognitive Processing | 11 pp. | doi:10.1007/s10339-021-01049-y
  Micro abstract: Shows how legal decisions, plans, historical reasoning, and language create fiat spatial and spatiotemporal entities, then draws limits and practical lessons for ontology-supported AI.
- #FJ5KCA More Things in Heaven and Earth - 1995 | Barry Smith | Grazer Philosophische Studien | 15 pp.
  Micro abstract: Develops an ontology of spatial regions and boundaries, arguing that political territories are historically created fiat objects through performative maps while also recognizing vague, overlapping, and incomplete geographic objects.
- #KY3Y9U Naïve Physics: An Essay in Ontology - 1994 | Barry Smith, Roberto Casati | Philosophical Psychology | 22 pp. | doi:10.1080/09515089408573121
  Micro abstract: Reconstructs naïve physics as a realist ontology of the common-sense world—objects, processes, stuffs, boundaries, media, and values—drawing on Gestalt psychology and phenomenology to broaden AI’s set-theoretic models.
- #TQPVBD New Foundations for Qualitative Physics - 1990 | Barry Smith, Jean Petitot | Evolving Knowledge in Natural Science and Artificial Intelligence | 13 pp.
  Micro abstract: Argues for a scientific ontology of the qualitative common-sense world, using morphological discontinuities to connect physical substrates, sensible qualities, Aristotelian categories, and ecologically constrained cognition.
- #B98HVX Objects and Their Environments: From Aristotle to Ecological Ontology - 2001 | Barry Smith | The Life and Motion of Socio-Economic Units | 26 pp. | doi:10.1201/9781482268096-14
  Micro abstract: Extends Aristotelian substance–accident ontology into a realist theory of behavioral settings and ecological niches as nested, bounded wholes in which organisms, objects, and activities mutually fit.
- #9GWUC8 On Classifying Material Entities in Basic Formal Ontology - 2012 | Barry Smith | Interdisciplinary Ontology: Proceedings of the Third Interdisciplinary Ontology Meeting | 13 pp.
  Micro abstract: Clarifies BFO’s material entities by distinguishing objects, aggregates, and fiat object parts, and analyzes objects through causal unity by covering, physical forces, or engineered assembly without claiming exhaustivity.
- #KYQGNH On Credentials - 2020 | Barry Smith, Giuseppe Lorini, Olimpia Giuliana Loddo | Journal of Social Ontology | 21 pp. | doi:10.1515/jso-2019-0034
  Micro abstract: Provides a social ontology of credentials as portable, inspectable institutional documents that certify identity or status and give bearers the practical deontic power to exercise rights, with a typology of their forms and functions.
- #BV47YZ On Drawing Lines on a Map - 1995 | Barry Smith | Spatial Information Theory: A Theoretical Basis for GIS | 10 pp. | doi:10.1007/3-540-60392-1_31
  Micro abstract: Builds a typology of spatial boundaries around the fiat–bona fide distinction, applying it to maps, political and property divisions, scattered objects, linguistic framing, and truthmakers.
- #D8LRQM Ontological Foundations for Geographic Information Science - 2004 | Barry Smith, David M. Mark, Max J. Egenhofer, Stephen C. Hirtle | A Research Agenda for Geographic Information Science | 8 pp. | doi:10.1201/9781420038330.ch12
  Micro abstract: Sets a research agenda for geospatial ontology, linking formal accounts of geographic objects, processes, scale, and vagueness to human concepts, interoperable data, and ontology-driven GIS.
- #GN66WW Ontologies of Common Sense, Physics and Mathematics - 2023 | Barry Smith, Jobst Landgrebe | arXiv | 32 pp. | doi:10.48550/arXiv.2305.01560
  Micro abstract: Proposes linked upper ontologies for common sense, physics, and mathematics, arguing that classical models connect real magnitudes to mathematics whereas modern physics relates measurements to entities lacking commonsense universals.
- #WYP3G6 Ontology and Geographic Kinds - 1998 | Barry Smith, David M. Mark | Proceedings of the 8th International Symposium on Spatial Data Handling (SDH ’98) | 7 pp.
  Micro abstract: Argues that geographic kinds are intrinsically spatial and boundary-centered, requiring mereology and topology to connect physical reality, cultural categorization, cognition, and GIS representation.
- #9YMD2E SNAP and SPAN: Towards Dynamic Spatial Ontology - 2004 | Barry Smith, Pierre Grenon | Spatial Cognition & Computation | 35 pp. | doi:10.1207/S15427633SCC0401_5
  Micro abstract: BFO's bicategorial framework: SNAP snapshot ontologies of continuants and a SPAN ontology of processes in spacetime, linked by trans-ontological relations to capture change — demonstrated on the ontology of geodynamics.
- #KWFTKJ Surrounding Space: The Ontology of Organism-Environment Relations - 2002 | Achille C. Varzi, Barry Smith | Theory in Biosciences | 29 pp. | doi:10.1078/1431-7613-00053
  Micro abstract: Develops a formal ontology of token niches as tenant–medium–retainer structures, extending static organism–environment fit into a dynamic account of vacant niches, movement, interaction, and niche construction.
- #DLY2WP The Cognitive Geometry of War - 1997 | Barry Smith | Current Issues in Political Philosophy: Justice in Society and World Order | 26 pp.
  Micro abstract: Argues that modern ideals of compact, contiguous national territory help drive conflict, and proposes perforated, non-contiguous, and geometrically flexible borders as alternatives to displacement and ethnic cleansing.
- #4QQD4A The Logic of Systems of Granular Partitions - 2005 | Barry Smith, Maureen Donnelly, Thomas Bittner | IFOMIS Reports | 23 pp.
  Micro abstract: Builds a sound S4-style modal logic for labeled, typed granular partitions, modeling refinement and cross-partition counterparts so differently selective views can reason about the same mereologically structured reality.
- #2F8T3H Toward a Realistic Science of Environments - 2009 | Barry Smith | Ecological Psychology | 11 pp.
  Micro abstract: Defends Gibsonian ecological realism: organisms directly perceive affordances in physically real niches, while granular partitions show how different species inhabit perspectives on one world, not separate constructed worlds.
- #DT9Y7X True Grid - 2002 | Barry Smith | Spatial Information Theory: Foundations of Geographic Information Science | 17 pp.
  Micro abstract: Generalizes Alberti’s perspectival grid into a realist theory of projection: pictures, maps, names, concepts, and databases are “true grids” when their cells preserve relevant structure and refer transparently to reality.
- #PHAFYA Truth and the Visual Field - 1997 | Barry Smith | Naturalizing Phenomenology: Issues in Contemporary Phenomenology and Cognitive Science | 8 pp.
  Micro abstract: Uses mereotopology and Gibsonian ecology to treat perception and language as carving transient fiat boundaries in reality, defining a judgment field as the truth-making portion of the world selected by a true sentence.
- #XZX6PE Vague Reference and Approximating Judgments - 2003 | Barry Smith, Thomas Bittner | Spatial Cognition and Computation | 20 pp.
  Micro abstract: Formalizes vague reference as multiple crisp candidate referents within granular partitions, then explains approximation as using familiar spatial or temporal reference grids to constrain vagueness without truth-value indeterminacy.

Procedural Generation & Co-Creation (14)
- #ABD2B8 Between Tech and Art: The Vegetation of Horizon Zero Dawn - 2018 | Gilbert Sanders, Guerrilla Games | Game Developers Conference (GDC) 2018 | 87 pp.
  Micro abstract: A production breakdown of Horizon Zero Dawn’s vegetation pipeline, covering global wind simulation, layered foliage motion, coverage-preserving alpha mipmaps, shading, asset LODs, placement, and cascaded shadows.
- #4TH488 Explainable AI for Designers: A Human-Centered Perspective on Mixed-Initiative Co-Creation - 2018 | Antonios Liapis, G. Michael Youngblood, Jichen Zhu, Rafael Bidarra, Sebastian Risi | 2018 IEEE Conference on Computational Intelligence and Games (CIG) | 8 pp. | doi:10.1109/CIG.2018.8490433
  Micro abstract: Defines explainable AI for game designers, mapping co-creative systems by their explainability, initiative, and domain overlap so explanations serve concrete design tasks.
- #9NQ94D Extracting Physics from Blended Platformer Game Levels - 2020 | Adam Summerville, Anurag Sarkar, Joseph C. Osborn, Sam Snodgrass | Joint Proceedings of the AIIDE 2020 Workshops (CEUR Workshop Proceedings, Vol. 2862) | 7 pp.
  Micro abstract: Infers playable jump physics from generated platformer levels, including hybrid physics models for levels that blend the geometry and style of multiple games.
- #66Q3W3 Ghost of Tsushima: Procedural Grass - 2021 | Eric Wohllaib, Sucker Punch Productions | Game Developers Conference (GDC) 2021 | 55 pp.
  Micro abstract: Explains Ghost of Tsushima’s compute-driven grass pipeline, from tiled placement and culling to indirect drawing, cubic Bézier blade geometry, variable LOD, wind animation, and material shading.
- #QHMFH2 Improved Alpha Testing Using Hashed Sampling - 2019 | Chris Wyman, Morgan McGuire | IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics | 12 pp. | doi:10.1109/TVCG.2017.2739149
  Micro abstract: Develops hashed alpha testing, a stable quasi-random thresholding method that preserves distant alpha-mapped foliage and hair while controlling flicker, anisotropy, and interactions with TAA and alpha-to-coverage.
- #7GR3AQ Procedural Content Generation through Quality Diversity - 2019 | Ahmed Khalifa, Antonios Liapis, Daniele Gravina, Georgios N. Yannakakis, Julian Togelius | 2019 IEEE Conference on Games (CoG) | 8 pp. | doi:10.1109/CIG.2019.8848053
  Micro abstract: Argues for quality-diversity algorithms in procedural generation, producing broad collections of varied, playable content while exposing the design space for exploration and co-creation.
- #CQBDX4 Procedural Content Generation via Machine Learning (PCGML) - 2018 | Aaron Isaksen, Adam Summerville, Amy K. Hoover, Andy Nealen, Christoffer Holmgård, Julian Togelius, Matthew Guzdial, Sam Snodgrass | IEEE Transactions on Games | 15 pp. | doi:10.1109/TG.2018.2846639
  Micro abstract: Defines and surveys PCGML: generating functional game content directly from models trained on existing examples, with uses spanning creation, completion, repair, critique, and compression.
- #EARFEK Procedural Generation of Villages on Arbitrary Terrains - 2012 | Adrien Bernhardt, Adrien Peytavie, Arnaud Emilien, Eric Galin, Marie-Paule Cani | The Visual Computer | 10 pp. | doi:10.1007/s00371-012-0699-7
  Micro abstract: Presents a three-stage procedural model that grows terrain-responsive village roads and settlements, partitions land into plausible parcels, and generates slope-adapted buildings with open shape grammars.
- #EDURTK Real-Time GPU Tree Generation - 2025 | Bastian Kuth, Carsten Faber, Dominik Baumeister, Max Oberberger, Pirmin Pfeifer, Quirin Meyer, Seyedmasih Tabaei | High-Performance Graphics – Symposium Papers | 10 pp. | doi:10.2312/hpg.20251168
  Micro abstract: Introduces a GPU work-graph pipeline that generates, animates, edits, and continuously LODs detailed seasonal trees every frame, replacing gigabytes of baked geometry with kilobytes of parameters.
- #GBXEP3 Realistic Modeling and Rendering of Plant Ecosystems - 1998 | Bernd Lintermann, Matt Pharr, Oliver Deussen, Pat Hanrahan, Przemyslaw Prusinkiewicz, Radomír Měch | Proceedings of SIGGRAPH ’98 | 12 pp. | doi:10.1145/280814.280898
  Micro abstract: Presents a foundational pipeline for authoring plant ecosystems through terrain design, ecological simulation, procedural plant models, approximate instancing, and efficient rendering of billion-primitive scenes.
- #BDBBL6 Real‐time Realistic Rendering and Lighting of Forests - 2012 | Eric Bruneton, Fabrice Neyret | Computer Graphics Forum | 11 pp. | doi:10.1111/j.1467-8659.2012.03016.x
  Micro abstract: Combines detailed z-field trees with terrain shader-maps to render immense forests in real time, preserving sun, sky, canopy, and ground-lighting effects through seamless, scale-consistent transitions.
- #PQ68ZH Responsive Real-Time Grass Rendering for General 3D Scenes - 2017 | Klemens Jahrmann, Michael Wimmer | Proceedings of the 2017 Symposium on Interactive 3D Graphics and Games (I3D ’17) | 10 pp. | doi:10.1145/3023368.3023380
  Micro abstract: Renders every grass blade as responsive tessellated geometry on arbitrary 3D surfaces, with per-blade wind, gravity, and collision physics plus aggressive culling that retains dense fields in real time.
- #WZ8DHP Runtime Evaluation of Procedural Content Generation in an Endless Runner Game Using Autonomous Agents - 2026 | Rishabh Kar | arXiv | 25 pp. | doi:10.48550/arXiv.2605.01783
  Micro abstract: Integrates procedural generation and validation in an endless runner, using aerial and ground agents to detect blocked or unnavigable content before the player reaches it.
- #NRBMD5 Towards Friendly Mixed Initiative Procedural Content Generation: Three Pillars of Industry - 2020 | Frederic Fol Leymarie, Gorm Lai, William Latham | Proceedings of the International Conference on the Foundations of Digital Games (FDG '20) | 4 pp. | doi:10.1145/3402942.3402946
  Micro abstract: Distills three requirements for industry-friendly co-creative PCG tools: preserve designer control, keep feedback loops short, and fit into existing production pipelines.

Roads, Trails & Movement (8)
- #G3TBNG A Sequential Two-Step Algorithm for Fast Generation of Vehicle Racing Trajectories - 2016 | J. Christian Gerdes, John Subosits, Nitin R. Kapania | Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control | 12 pp. | doi:10.1115/1.4033311
  Micro abstract: Generates near-optimal racing trajectories quickly by alternating between a minimum-time speed profile and a convex path update that reduces curvature.
- #B6P8L4 Active walker model for the formation of human and animal trail systems - 1997 | Dirk Helbing, Frank Schweitzer, Joachim Keltsch, Péter Molnár | Physical Review E | 34 pp. | doi:10.1103/physreve.56.2527
  Micro abstract: Models trail systems as self-organization: walkers reinforce attractive routes while unused traces fade, producing dendritic ant trails and low-detour pedestrian networks.
- #V4TQYB Interactive procedural street modeling - 2008 | Eugene Zhang, Gregory Esch, Guoning Chen, Pascal Müller, Peter Wonka | ACM Transactions on Graphics | 10 pp. | doi:10.1145/1360612.1360702
  Micro abstract: Lets designers generate and edit large street networks through tensor fields, combining procedural speed with brush-like global and local control over street patterns.
- #UYLTYJ Modelling the Evolution of Human Trail Systems - 1997 | Dirk Helbing, Joachim Keltsch, Péter Molnár | Nature | 11 pp. | doi:10.1038/40353
  Micro abstract: Shows how pedestrian trails emerge through feedback between destination-seeking walkers, existing paths, and vegetation recovery, yielding a compromise between directness and shared infrastructure.
- #GY93FG Mountain Trail Formation and the Active Walker Model - 2009 | J. P. Hague, S. J. Gilks | International Journal of Modern Physics C | 22 pp. | doi:10.1142/S0129183109014059
  Micro abstract: Extends the active-walker model to steep terrain, explaining zigzag mountain trails through slope avoidance, directional persistence, and mutual reinforcement by ascending and descending walkers.
- #LXV9AT Principles of Trail Layout and Design - 2019 | California State Parks | California State Parks Trails Handbook | 64 pp.
  Micro abstract: A field-oriented guide to durable trail design, emphasizing curvilinear alignment, natural drainage, sustainable grades, control points, and close reading of landform and soils.
- #XDEFZS Procedural Generation of Roads - 2010 | A. Peytavie, E. Galin, E. Guérin, N. Maréchal | Computer Graphics Forum | 10 pp. | doi:10.1111/j.1467-8659.2009.01612.x
  Micro abstract: Automatically routes and constructs roads with an anisotropic shortest-path method that weighs slope and obstacles while treating surface segments, bridges, and tunnels consistently.
- #ARP5U7 The Topography of Minoan Peak Sanctuaries - 1983 | A. A. D. Peatfield | The Annual of the British School at Athens | 8 pp. | doi:10.1017/s0068245400019729
  Micro abstract: Argues that Minoan peak sanctuaries were chosen for visibility and proximity to local settlements, forming a beacon-like sacred network whose contraction tracked settlement abandonment rather than cultic collapse.

Scenario-Based & Behavioral Programming (8)
- #P2W4J5 Adaptive Behavioral Programming - 2011 | David Harel, Nir Eitan | 8 pp. | doi:10.1109/ictai.2011.109
  Micro abstract: Adds reinforcements to live sequence charts and BPJ so scenario-based programs can learn from their environment, specifying goals to pursue and scenarios to avoid, with modular learning decompositions.
- #XQ5NKX Challenges in Modeling and Unmodeling Emergence, Rule Composition, and Networked Interactions in Complex Reactive Systems - 2023 | Assaf Marron, David Harel, Guy Frankel, Irun Cohen, Smadar Szekely | 8 pp. | doi:10.5220/0011728900003402
  Micro abstract: Position paper on modeling emergence, rule composition, and networked interactions in complex reactive systems, introducing "unmodeling"—explicitly excluding entities and behaviors from model execution.
- #D4VB7S Distributing Scenario-Based Models: A Replicate-and-Project Approach - 2017 | Assaf Marron, Daniel Gritzner, David Harel, Guy Katz, Joel Greenyer, Shlomi Steinberg | MODELSWARD 2017 | 16 pp. | doi:10.5220/0006271301820195
  Micro abstract: Distributes scenario-based models by replicating the full specification on every component and projecting it per component, mimicking centralized behavior while sharply reducing synchronization.
- #CSJARA Enhancing Scenario-Based Modeling Using Large Language Models - 2026 | Assaf Marron, David Harel, Guy Katz, Smadar Szekely | Communications in Computer and Information Science | Springer Nature Switzerland | pp. 43-68 | 26 pp. | doi:10.1007/978-3-031-96841-9_3
  Micro abstract: Extended methodology for combining LLM chatbots with scenario-based modeling: iterative generation of stand-alone scenarios checked by analysis and human review, framed as a step toward Wise Computing.
- #3JCRAD On Augmenting Scenario-Based Modeling with Generative AI - 2024 | Assaf Marron, David Harel, Guy Katz, Smadar Szekely | MODELSWARD 2024 | 12 pp. | doi:10.5220/0012427100003645
  Micro abstract: Outlines a structured method for using generative-AI chatbots in modeling: iteratively generate scenario-based model fragments, then analyze and inspect them to converge on an accurate system model.
- #QV3BWZ On tracing reactive systems - 2011 | David Harel, Shahar Maoz | Software &amp; Systems Modeling | 22 pp. | doi:10.1007/s10270-010-0151-2
  Micro abstract: Introduces model-based trace visualization and exploration for reactive systems, using scenario-based (LSC) abstractions and the Tracer prototype, demonstrated on a PacMan game.
- #TDS4H2 Relaxing Synchronization Constraints in Behavioral Programs - 2013 | Amir Kantor, David Harel, Guy Katz | LPAR 2013 (Logic for Programming, Artificial Intelligence, and Reasoning) | 17 pp. | doi:10.1007/978-3-642-45221-5_25
  Micro abstract: Proposes eager execution for behavioral programs: fast b-threads run ahead when synchronization outcomes are predictable, improving performance, modularity, and distributability, shown in a C++ BP framework.
- #M5788P Towards Behavioral Programming in Distributed Architectures - 2015 | Amir Kantor, Assaf Marron, David Harel, Gera Weiss, Guy Katz, Guy Wiener | Science of Computer Programming | 58 pp. | doi:10.1016/j.scico.2014.03.003
  Micro abstract: Extends behavioral programming to distributed architectures: b-threads as Erlang processes, eager execution to relax synchronization, and modular distributed execution, demonstrated on simulations and a quadrotor.

Technology, Scale & Conviviality (2)
- #WYH36B The City as Convivial Centre - 1974 | Leopold Kohr | Tract, no. 12 (Gryphon Press) | 18 pp.
  Micro abstract: Kohr's essay arguing that cities exist for convivial life rather than economic function, and that human-scale size is what lets a city serve as a centre of leisure, culture, and encounter.
- #67REFX The Question Concerning Technology - 1977 | Martin Heidegger | The Question Concerning Technology and Other Essays (Harper & Row) | 23 pp.
  Micro abstract: Heidegger's essay on the essence of technology as Enframing (Gestell), a mode of revealing that reduces the world to standing-reserve, and on art as a possible saving power.

Terrain Modeling (1)
- #Y55KCV Arches: A Framework for Modeling Complex Terrains - 2009 | A. Peytavie, E. Galin, J. Grosjean, S. Mérillou | Computer Graphics Forum | 11 pp. | doi:10.1111/j.1467-8659.2009.01385.x
  Micro abstract: Introduces a hybrid volumetric–implicit framework for interactively modeling terrains with overhangs, arches, caves, sand, and rocks, plus efficient tools for erosion and automated rock-pile generation.

Terrain, Hydrology & Erosion (8)
- #NV2YRW FastFlow: GPU Acceleration of Flow and Depression Routing for Landscape Simulation - 2024 | Aryamaan Jain, Bernhard Kerbl, Brandon Finley, Guillaume Cordonnier, James Gain | Computer Graphics Forum | 13 pp. | doi:10.1111/cgf.15243
  Micro abstract: A GPU framework for routing surface flow through terrain and its depressions fast enough to make erosion, river, lake, and ecosystem simulations interactive.
- #2284QZ From features to fingerprints: A general diagnostic framework for anthropogenic geomorphology - 2019 | Damian Evans, Erle C Ellis, Giulia Sofia, Paolo Tarolli, Wenfang Cao | Progress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment | 34 pp. | doi:10.1177/0309133318825284
  Micro abstract: Integrates geomorphology, archaeology, and high-resolution remote sensing into a framework for reading anthropogenic landforms as landscape-scale sociocultural fingerprints.
- #96ZMGK Large Scale Terrain Generation from Tectonic Uplift and Fluvial Erosion - 2016 | Adrien Peytavie, Bedrich Benes, Guillaume Cordonnier, Jean Braun, Marie-Paule Cani, Éric Galin, Éric Guérin | Computer Graphics Forum | 11 pp. | doi:10.1111/cgf.12820
  Micro abstract: Generates large, controllable mountain terrains by coupling user-painted tectonic uplift with fluvial erosion, then turning the resulting stream graph into detailed landforms.
- #K82AS7 Legacy sediment: Definitions and processes of episodically produced anthropogenic sediment - 2013 | L. Allan James | Anthropocene | 11 pp. | doi:10.1016/j.ancene.2013.04.001
  Micro abstract: Broadens legacy sediment to episodically produced anthropogenic alluvium and colluvium, and explains its deposition, storage, and remobilization through sediment delivery–transport capacity dynamics.
- #DWXKYQ Physically-based analytical erosion for fast terrain generation - 2024 | Boris Gailleton, Guillaume Cordonnier, Petros Tzathas, Philippe Steer | Computer Graphics Forum | 14 pp. | doi:10.1111/cgf.15033
  Micro abstract: Turns the stream power law into an interactive terrain tool, replacing thousands of erosion time steps with analytical solutions and a direct control for landscape age.
- #MTDKDE Priority-Flood: An Optimal Depression-Filling and Watershed-Labeling Algorithm for Digital Elevation Models - 2014 | Clarence Lehman, David Mulla, Richard Barnes | Computers & Geosciences | 17 pp. | doi:10.1016/j.cageo.2013.04.024
  Micro abstract: Introduces Priority-Flood, a simple, optimal algorithm that removes drainage-blocking depressions from elevation models and can also derive watersheds and flow directions.
- #AK7NGE Procedural Riverscapes - 2019 | A. Peytavie, B. Benes, E. Galin, E. Guérin, J. Gain, T. Dupont, Y. Cortial | Computer Graphics Forum | 12 pp. | doi:10.1111/cgf.13814
  Micro abstract: Builds editable, animated riverscapes from bare terrain by carving hydrologically plausible channels and blending real-time procedural water primitives instead of simulating fluids.
- #DMTA8Y Terrain Generation Using Procedural Models Based on Hydrology - 2013 | Adrien Peytavie, Bedřich Beneš, Jean-David Génevaux, Éric Galin, Éric Guérin | ACM Transactions on Graphics | 10 pp. | doi:10.1145/2461912.2461996
  Micro abstract: Generates controllable, multiscale terrain from a sketched drainage network, representing rivers and landforms as an editable hierarchy of continuous procedural primitives.

Water Simulation & Rendering (12)
- #RBS5K6 A Layered Particle-Based Fluid Model for Real-Time Rendering of Water - 2010 | Daniel Scherzer, Florian Bagar, Michael Wimmer | Computer Graphics Forum | 7 pp. | doi:10.1111/j.1467-8659.2010.01734.x
  Micro abstract: Renders particle-based water and volumetric foam in real time using perspective-aware surface smoothing, physically guided foam formation, and layered depth compositing.
- #C4AY2M A Survey of Ocean Simulation and Rendering Techniques in Computer Graphics - 2011 | B. Crespin, D. Ghazanfarpour, E. Darles, J.-C. Gonzato | Computer Graphics Forum | 17 pp. | doi:10.1111/j.1467-8659.2010.01828.x
  Micro abstract: Surveys ocean graphics from spectral deep-water models to near-shore fluid simulation, then covers the foam, spray, and light transport needed for convincing rendering.
- #WZMZGY Advected river textures - 2009 | Dirk Arnold, Stephen Brooks, Tim Burrell | Computer Animation and Virtual Worlds | 11 pp. | doi:10.1002/cav.288
  Micro abstract: Combines a 2D Navier–Stokes solver, hydrostatic pressure columns, and advected procedural textures to render detailed, terrain-responsive rivers at real-time frame rates.
- #92XRH7 Lagrangian Texture Advection: Preserving both Spectrum and Velocity Field - 2011 |  Qizhi Yu, E. Bruneton, F. Neyret, N. Holzschuch | IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics | 13 pp. | doi:10.1109/tvcg.2010.263
  Micro abstract: Advects fluid textures with deformable particle grids, preserving both the input texture’s visual spectrum and exact motion along the velocity field without cumulative stretching.
- #8SERGP Real-time Breaking Waves for Shallow Water Simulations - 2007 | Markus Gross, Matthias Müller-Fischer, Nils Thürey, Simon Schirm | 15th Pacific Conference on Computer Graphics and Applications (Pacific Graphics 2007) | 8 pp. | doi:10.1109/PG.2007.33
  Micro abstract: Adds real-time overturning waves to shallow-water heightfields by detecting steep fronts and spawning connected particle sheets that collapse into splashes and foam.
- #CWC7H9 Real-time Rendering of Enhanced Shallow Water Fluid Simulations - 2013 | Antonio Susín, Jesús Ojeda | Computers & Graphics | 9 pp.
  Micro abstract: Builds a real-time rendering pipeline for shallow-water simulations, adding fine surface detail, advected foam, photon-based caustics, and screen-space reflection and refraction.
- #MVUJ8Z Real-time Rendering of River Networks - 2010 | Quintijn Hendrickx, Rafael Bidarra, Ruben M. Smelik | Proceedings of the ACM SIGGRAPH Symposium on Interactive 3D Graphics and Games | 1 pp.
  Micro abstract: Renders branching river networks efficiently with quadratic Bézier curves, GPU distance fields, and streaming normal maps instead of dense geometry or particle simulation.
- #5MGCZ5 Real-time River Representation by Dynamic Control of Data on Waves - 2008 | Makoto Kosugi, Nobuhiko Mukai, Yasuhiro Kato | 4 pp. | doi:10.3169/itej.62.2063
  Micro abstract: Dynamically switches river-wave models by viewing distance, preserving nearby reflection and wave detail while retaining wind-driven motion across the full landscape.
- #XDESU9 Scalable real‐time animation of rivers - 2009 | Eric Bruneton, Fabrice Neyret, Nicolas Holzschuch, Qizhi Yu | Computer Graphics Forum | 11 pp. | doi:10.1111/j.1467-8659.2009.01363.x
  Micro abstract: Animates rivers across vast terrains by computing steady flow locally and advecting fine surface detail only where visible, at a screen-space sampling density.
- #869NHK Very Fast Real-Time Ocean Wave Foam Rendering Using Halftoning - 2011 | Ian Parberry, Jennifer R. Alford, Mary Yingst | Proceedings of the 6th International North American Conference on Intelligent Games and Simulation (GAMEON-NA) | 7 pp.
  Micro abstract: Uses a spectrally controlled halftone mask to make texture-based ocean foam dissipate as clumped bubbles that pop, rather than merely fading transparently.
- #A2QB8L Water Flow in Portal 2 - 2010 | Alex Vlachos | ACM SIGGRAPH 2010 Course: Advances in Real-Time Rendering in 3D Graphics and Games | 54 pp.
  Micro abstract: Explains Portal 2’s production-friendly water shader: artist-painted flow maps advect layered normal maps, while offsets and noise suppress repetition and pulsing on limited hardware.
- #PBM2TC Water surface wavelets - 2018 | Chris Wojtan, Matthias Müller-Fischer, Miles Macklin, Nuttapong Chentanez, Stefan Jeschke, Tomáš Skřivan | ACM Transactions on Graphics | 13 pp. | doi:10.1145/3197517.3201336
  Micro abstract: Represents water waves as spatially varying directional amplitudes, enabling vast interactive simulations with fine detail, moving obstacles, solid coupling, and direct artistic control.

Unfiled (3)
- #YARVUV A pretty but not greedy printer (functional pearl) - 2017 | Jean-Philippe Bernardy | Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages | 22 pp. | doi:10.1145/3110250
  Micro abstract: Derives a non-greedy pretty printer that optimizes for the shortest valid layout, supports arbitrary subdocument alignment, and runs linearly in the size of its output.
- #F3YZ79 A Pretty Expressive Printer - 2023 | Emina Torlak, Justin Pombrio, Sorawee Porncharoenwase | Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages | 34 pp. | doi:10.1145/3622837
  Micro abstract: Introduces an expressive pretty-printing language and a formally verified, practical printer that selects optimal layouts using customizable cost objectives while remaining efficient on real-world formatters.
- #3CV92Z moppe

### 7. Tool result: document_import

{
  "status": {
    "files": [
      {
        "error": null,
        "status": "completed",
        "file_id": "DATQTA",
        "execution_id": "pex_-bzR0QHAOqOY"
      }
    ],
    "counts": {
      "completed": 1
    }
  },
  "action": "extract",
  "completed": 1,
  "run_id": "8HZAP9",
  "submitted": 1
}

### 8. Assistant tool calls

#### Tool call: `document_import`

```json
{
  "action": "inspect",
  "run_id": "NELXDA"
}
```

### 9. Assistant tool calls

#### Tool call: `document_import`

```json
{
  "action": "inspect",
  "run_id": "8HZAP9"
}
```

### 10. Tool result: document_import

{
  "status": {
    "files": [
      {
        "error": null,
        "status": "completed",
        "file_id": "DATQTA",
        "execution_id": "pex_-bzR0QHAOqOY"
      }
    ],
    "counts": {
      "completed": 1
    }
  },
  "action": "inspect",
  "files": [
    {
      "status": "completed",
      "file_id": "DATQTA",
      "quality": {
        "blocks": 363,
        "pages": 22,
        "math_expressions": 75,
        "page_continuations": 5,
        "block_types": {
          "Caption": 6,
          "Equation": 29,
          "Figure": 5,
          "Footnote": 8,
          "ListGroup": 7,
          "PageFooter": 23,
          "PageHeader": 42,
          "SectionHeader": 27,
          "Table": 1,
          "Text": 215
        },
        "empty_equation_blocks": 0,
        "equation_blocks": 29,
        "pages_with_math": 10
      },
      "output_path": "/home/mbrock/sheaf.mikael/var/datalab/8HZAP9/DATQTA.datalab.json"
    }
  ],
  "run_id": "8HZAP9"
}

### 11. Tool result: update_document_metadata

Updated metadata for #YARVUV: folder

### 12. Assistant tool calls

#### Tool call: `document_import`

```json
{
  "action": "import",
  "run_id": "8HZAP9"
}
```

### 13. Assistant tool calls

#### Tool call: `document_import`

```json
{
  "action": "import",
  "run_id": "NELXDA"
}
```

### 14. Assistant

Created the **Pretty Printing** folder and added:

- #YARVUV — *A Pretty But Not Greedy Printer*
- #F3YZ79 — *A Pretty Expressive Printer*

### 15. Tool result: document_import

{
  "next": "Resolve metadata and validate reader pages. Search indexing is continuing in the background.",
  "action": "import",
  "documents": [
    {
      "status": "imported",
      "title": null,
      "document_id": "YARVUV",
      "file_id": "DATQTA",
      "document_iri": "https://m.sheaf.less.rest/YARVUV"
    }
  ],
  "run_id": "8HZAP9"
}

### 16. Assistant tool calls

#### Tool call: `document_import`

```json
{
  "action": "metadata",
  "run_id": "8HZAP9"
}
```

### 17. Tool result: document_import

{
  "action": "metadata",
  "documents": [
    {
      "match": {
        "reason": "title match accepted for Crossref type journal-article",
        "source": "doi",
        "identifier": "10.1145/3110250",
        "doi": "10.1145/3110250",
        "score": 1.0,
        "accept?": true,
        "crossref_title": "A pretty but not greedy printer (functional pearl)",
        "crossref_type": "journal-article"
      },
      "metadata": {
        "title": "A Pretty But Not Greedy Printer (Functional Pearl)",
        "usage": {
          "cost": {
            "total": 9.96e-4,
            "tokens": 9.96e-4,
            "tools": 0.0,
            "storage": 0.0,
            "images": 0.0,
            "input_cost": 7.99e-4,
            "output_cost": 1.97e-4,
            "reasoning_cost": 0.0,
            "line_items": [
              {
                "count": 3197,
                "id": "token.input",
                "kind": "tokens",
                "component": "token.input",
                "cost": 7.99e-4,
                "quantity": 3197
              },
              {
                "count": 131,
                "id": "token.output",
                "kind": "tokens",
                "component": "token.output",
                "cost": 1.97e-4,
                "quantity": 131
              }
            ]
          },
          "output_tokens": 131,
          "input_tokens": 3197,
          "total_cost": 9.96e-4,
          "reasoning_tokens": 0,
          "input_cost": 7.99e-4,
          "output_cost": 1.97e-4,
          "reasoning_cost": 0.0,
          "cached_tokens": 0,
          "total_tokens": 3328,
          "tool_usage": {},
          "image_usage": {},
          "cache_creation_tokens": 0
        },
        "year": "2017",
        "authors": [
          "Jean-Philippe Bernardy"
        ],
        "doi": "10.1145/3110250",
        "isbn": null,
        "notes": "Article 6",
        "model": "google:gemini-3.1-flash-lite-preview",
        "pages": "6",
        "volume": "1",
        "issue": "1",
        "source_filename": null,
        "publication": "PACM Progr. Lang.",
        "confidence": "high"
      },
      "document_id": "YARVUV",
      "wrote": true
    }
  ],
  "run_id": "8HZAP9"
}

### 18. Assistant tool calls

#### Tool call: `document_import`

```json
{
  "action": "validate",
  "run_id": "8HZAP9"
}
```

### 19. Tool result: document_import

{
  "action": "validate",
  "search_index_status": "search",
  "documents": [
    {
      "title": "A pretty but not greedy printer (functional pearl)",
      "valid": true,
      "document_id": "YARVUV",
      "readable_chunks": 293,
      "reader_path": "/YARVUV",
      "source_pages": 22
    }
  ],
  "embedding_status": "updating",
  "run_id": "8HZAP9",
  "embedding_errors": 0,
  "search_index_message": "Updating text search · another refresh is queued · another refresh is queued"
}

### 20. Assistant

Imported and validated **“A Pretty But Not Greedy Printer (Functional Pearl)”** by Jean-Philippe Bernardy (2017), DOI `10.1145/3110250`.

Document: #YARVUV  
Source: 22 pages; 293 readable chunks. Search indexing is updating in the background.

### 21. User

lets give it cover art and a microabstract

### 22. Assistant tool calls

#### Tool call: `get_document`

```json
{
  "id": "YARVUV"
}
```

### 23. Tool result: get_document

DOCUMENT #YARVUV
Title: A pretty but not greedy printer (functional pearl)

Outline:
  - 1 #Z6GFY5 A Pretty But Not Greedy Printer (Functional Pearl)
    - 1.1 #KD45V5 ACM Reference format:
    - 1.2 #TRL96B 1 INTRODUCTION
    - 1.3 #UTX6HN 2 INTERFACE (SYNTAX)
    - 1.4 #YGV6MR 3 SEMANTICS (INFORMALLY)
      - 1.4.1 #S7PJFW 3.1 The limitations of Hughes and Wadler
    - 1.5 #TZK2CB 4 SEMANTICS (FORMALLY)
      - 1.5.1 #56CG7Z 4.1 Layouts
      - 1.5.2 #W2JX25 4.2 Choice
      - 1.5.3 #BWKWPL 4.3 Semantics
    - 1.6 #NCPCV9 5 A MORE EFFICIENT IMPLEMENTATION
      - 1.6.1 #LFCKVV 5.1 Measures
      - 1.6.2 #U84EDK 5.2 Early filtering out invalid results
      - 1.6.3 #A3C4AZ 5.3 Pruning out dominated results
      - 1.6.4 #B5EMDK 5.4 Pareto frontier
    - 1.7 #NYYMNV 6 ADDITIONAL FEATURES
      - 1.7.1 #JHVE3R 6.1 Re-pairing with text
      - 1.7.2 #WLXTEQ 6.2 Hughes-Style nesting
      - 1.7.3 #NE2G3H 6.3 Ribbon length
    - 1.8 #WUTZP8 7 PERFORMANCE TESTS
      - 1.8.1 #MEE6B9 7.1 Behaviour at scale
      - 1.8.2 #ENNNEL 7.2 Tests for full outputs and typical inputs
    - 1.9 #F2Z2BB 8 CONCLUSION
    - 1.10 #FXZD6E 9 ADDENDUM
    - 1.11 #P7CYA9 REFERENCES
    - 1.12 #KGPHMQ APPENDIX
      - 1.12.1 #6HYSQM 9.1 Proof details

### 24. Assistant tool calls

#### Tool call: `read`

```json
{
  "blocks": [
    "Z6GFY5"
  ],
  "expand": false
}
```

#### Tool call: `read`

```json
{
  "blocks": [
    "TRL96B",
    "F2Z2BB"
  ],
  "expand": true
}
```

### 25. Tool result: read

SECTION #Z6GFY5
Document: #YARVUV A pretty but not greedy printer (functional pearl)
Context:
  #YARVUV A pretty but not greedy printer (functional pearl)
    #Z6GFY5 A Pretty But Not Greedy Printer (Functional Pearl)

Children:
  - #LLEH4U excerpt - JEAN-PHILIPPE BERNARDY, University of Gothenburg, Department of Philosophy, Linguistics and Theory of Science
  - #3LGT39 excerpt - This paper proposes a new specification of pretty printing which is stronger than the state of the art: we require the output to be the shortest possible, and we also offer the ab…
  - #9L5HGE excerpt - CCS Concepts: • Software and its engineering → Functional languages ; • Mathematics of computing → Combinatorial optimization;
  - #JL8FEQ excerpt - Additional Key Words and Phrases: Pretty Printing
  - #KD45V5 section: ACM Reference format:
  - #TRL96B section: 1 INTRODUCTION
  - #UTX6HN section: 2 INTERFACE (SYNTAX)
  - #YGV6MR section: 3 SEMANTICS (INFORMALLY)
  - #TZK2CB section: 4 SEMANTICS (FORMALLY)
  - #NCPCV9 section: 5 A MORE EFFICIENT IMPLEMENTATION
  - #NYYMNV section: 6 ADDITIONAL FEATURES
  - #WUTZP8 section: 7 PERFORMANCE TESTS
  - #F2Z2BB section: 8 CONCLUSION
  - #FXZD6E section: 9 ADDENDUM
  - #P7CYA9 section: REFERENCES
  - #KGPHMQ section: APPENDIX

### 26. Tool result: read

DOCUMENT #YARVUV
A pretty but not greedy printer (functional pearl)

SECTION #TRL96B 1 INTRODUCTION

EXCERPT #4P2TDG p. 0
  A pretty printer is a program that prints data structures in a way which makes them pleasant to read. (The data structures in question often represent programs, but not always.) Pretty printing has historically been used by members of the functional programming community to showcase good style. Proeminent examples include the pretty printer of Hughes [1995], which remains an influential example of functional programming design, and that of Wadler [2003] which was published as a chapter in a book dedicated to the “fun of programming”.

EXCERPT #VH3ZKB p. 0
  In addition to their aesthetic and pedagogical value, the pretty printers of Hughes and Wadler are practical implementations. Indeed, they form the basis of industrial-strength pretty-printing packages which remain popular today. Hughes’ design has been refined by Peyton Jones, and is available as the Hackage package pretty 1 , while Wadler’s design has been extended by Leijen and made available as the wl-print package 2 . An ocaml implementation 3 of Wadler’s design also exists.

EXCERPT #KYJ8V4 p. 0
  While this paper draws much inspiration from the aforementioned landmark pieces of work in the functional programming landscape, my goal is slightly different to that of Hughes and Wadler. Indeed, they aim first and foremost to demonstrate general principles of functional programming development, with an emphasis on the efficiency of the algorithm. Their methodological approach is to derive a greedy algorithm from a functional specification. In the process, they give themselves some leeway as to what they accept as pretty outputs (see Sec. 3.1). In contrast, my primary goal is

EXCERPT #25A53C p. 0
  1 https://hackage.haskell.org/package/pretty

EXCERPT #7FCKAP p. 0
  2 https://hackage.haskell.org/package/wl-pprint

EXCERPT #CERS8K p. 0
  3 https://gallium.inria.fr/~fpottier/pprint/doc

EXCERPT #PH574S p. 0
  Permission to make digital or hard copies of part or all of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for third-party components of this work must be honored. For all other uses, contact the owner/author(s).

EXCERPT #HY9Z9L p. 0
  © 2017 Copyright held by the owner/author(s). 2475-1421/2017/9-ART6 $ DOI: 10.1145/3110250 to produce the prettiest output , at the cost of efficiency. Yet, the final result is reasonably efficient (Sec. 7).

EXCERPT #KRM5YG p. 0

EXCERPT #E2S7A9 p. 0

EXCERPT #L9CUL5 p. 1

EXCERPT #MV3HTB p. 1

EXCERPT #FKKLFA p. 1
  Let us specify the desired behavior of a pretty printer, first informally, as the following principles:

EXCERPT #9Y4M2X p. 1
  PRINCIPLE 1. VISIBILITY A pretty printer shall layout all its output within the width of the page.

EXCERPT #RT62WD p. 1
  PRINCIPLE 2. LEGIBILITY A pretty printer shall make appropriate use of layout, to make it easy for a human to recognize the hierarchical organization of data.

EXCERPT #N9AYSP p. 1
  PRINCIPLE 3. FRUGALITY A pretty printer shall minimize the number of lines used to display the data.

EXCERPT #LYDJ9Y p. 1
  Furthermore, the first principle takes precedence over the second one, which itself takes precedence over the third one. In the rest of the paper, we interpret the above three principles as an optimization problem, and derive a program which solves it efficiently enough for practical purposes.

EXCERPT #LD8YEE p. 1
  Before diving into the details, let us pose a couple of methodological points. First, Haskell is used throughout this paper in its quality of lingua franca of functional programming pearls — yet, we make no essential use of laziness. Second, the source code for the paper and benchmarks, as well as a fully fledged pretty printing library based on its principles is available online: https://github.com/jyp/prettyest . A Haskell library based on the algorithm developed here is available as well 4 .

DOCUMENT #YARVUV
A pretty but not greedy printer (functional pearl)

SECTION #F2Z2BB 8 CONCLUSION

EXCERPT #XENDVX p. 18
  As Bird and de Moor [1997], Wadler [1987], Hughes [1995] and many others have argued, program calculation is a useful tool, and a strength of functional programming languages, with a large body of work showcasing it. Nevertheless, I had often wondered if the problem of pretty-printing had not been contrived to fit the mold of program calculation, before becoming one of its paradigmatic applications. In general, one could wonder if program calculation was only well-suited to derive greedy algorithms.

EXCERPT #NFSHW4 p. 18
  Thus I have taken the necessary steps to put my doubts to rest. I have taken a critical look at the literature to re-define what pretty-printing means, as three informal principles. I have carefully refined this informal definition to a formal semantics (arguably simpler than that of the state of the art). I avoided cutting any corner and went for the absolute prettiest layout. Doing so I could not obtain a greedy algorithm, but still have derived a reasonably efficient implementation. In the end, the standard methodology worked well: I could use it from start to finish.

EXCERPT #SM5CEV p. 18
  acknowledgements. Some of the work described in this paper was carried out while the author was employed by Chalmers University of Technology. Facundo Domingez, Atze van der Ploeg, Arnaud Spiwack and anonymous ICFP reviewers provided useful feedback on drafts of this paper.

EXCERPT #A972M3 p. 18
  8 https://hackage.haskell.org/package/pretty-compact

EXCERPT #229UE4 p. 18

EXCERPT #MMZHR7 p. 19

EXCERPT #BG3N5R p. 19

EXCERPT #TDBWFY p. 19
  Using the QuickSpec tool, Nicholas Smallbone helped finding a bug in the final implementation: the concatenation operator did not preserve the invariant that lists were sorted.

### 27. Assistant tool calls

#### Tool call: `read`

```json
{
  "blocks": [
    "3LGT39"
  ]
}
```

### 28. Tool result: read

PAPER EXCERPT #3LGT39
Document: #YARVUV A pretty but not greedy printer (functional pearl)
Context:
  #YARVUV A pretty but not greedy printer (functional pearl)
    #Z6GFY5 A Pretty But Not Greedy Printer (Functional Pearl)
      #3LGT39 excerpt

This paper proposes a new specification of pretty printing which is stronger than the state of the art: we require the output to be the shortest possible, and we also offer the ability to align sub-documents at will. We argue that our specification precludes a greedy implementation. Yet, we provide an implementation which behaves linearly in the size of the output. The derivation of the implementation demonstrates functional programming methodology.

### 29. Assistant tool calls

#### Tool call: `generate_image`

```json
{
  "prompt": "Editorial cover art for a computer science research paper about functional pretty-printing algorithms. A dark indigo page-shaped field contains branching streams of pale cream monospace-like glyph marks and nested document fragments; the branches explore many possible line layouts, then converge into one compact, balanced arrangement that fits perfectly inside a narrow luminous page-width boundary. Subtle geometric cues suggest a Pareto frontier and optimization: small coral and teal nodes along a clean curved frontier, with dominated alternatives fading behind it. Elegant Swiss-modernist composition, crisp vector geometry with slight paper texture, sophisticated academic palette of indigo, cream, teal, and coral, generous negative space, visually communicates “pretty but not greedy,” shortest layout, alignment, and functional program derivation. Portrait orientation, no readable words, no logos, no title text, no equations, suitable as a durable scholarly document cover."
}
```

### 30. Tool result: generate_image

GENERATED IMAGE #CL8N88
URL: /images/CL8N88
Model: gpt-image-2
Prompt: Editorial cover art for a computer science research paper about functional pretty-printing algorithms. A dark indigo page-shaped field contains branching streams of pale cream monospace-like glyph marks and nested document fragments; the branches explore many possible line layouts, then converge into one compact, balanced arrangement that fits perfectly inside a narrow luminous page-width boundary. Subtle geometric cues suggest a Pareto frontier and optimization: small coral and teal nodes along a clean curved frontier, with dominated alternatives fading behind it. Elegant Swiss-modernist composition, crisp vector geometry with slight paper texture, sophisticated academic palette of indigo, cream, teal, and coral, generous negative space, visually communicates “pretty but not greedy,” shortest layout, alignment, and functional program derivation. Portrait orientation, no readable words, no logos, no title text, no equations, suitable as a durable scholarly document cover.

### 31. Assistant tool calls

#### Tool call: `update_document_metadata`

```json
{
  "cover_image_id": "CL8N88",
  "document_id": "YARVUV",
  "micro_abstract": "Derives a non-greedy pretty printer that optimizes for the shortest valid layout, supports arbitrary subdocument alignment, and runs linearly in the size of its output."
}
```

### 32. Tool result: update_document_metadata

Updated metadata for #YARVUV: cover_image_id, micro_abstract

### 33. Assistant

Updated #YARVUV with:

- **Cover art:** #CL8N88
- **Microabstract:** “Derives a non-greedy pretty printer that optimizes for the shortest valid layout, supports arbitrary subdocument alignment, and runs linearly in the size of its output.”

### 34. User

lets put this one and the other pretty printer paper in a new folder also